Name:black bear
Alias:Ursus thibetanus,Moon bear,bear,black blind man
Outline:Carnivora
length:120-190cm
Weight:Adult male 60-220kg, female 50-125kg
Life:25 years old
IUCN:LC
Black bears, also known as Asiatic black bears, were historically placed in a separate genus <Selenarctos>. A wild hybrid between a black bear and a sun bear has been recorded in Cambodia. Black bears use a variety of forest habitats within their distribution area, including broadleaf forests and coniferous forests. The altitude span of their activities can range from close to sea level to 4000m, and they may occasionally appear in open meadows at high altitudes. Black bears are omnivores, and their feeding habits can vary greatly depending on the season and food resources. The diet includes tender, succulent plants in the spring, insects and the fruits of trees and shrubs in the summer, and various nuts in the fall.
Black bears have excellent tree climbing abilities. The strong nuts in the broadleaf forests in autumn play an important role in the nutritional intake of black bears in autumn, helping them to accumulate enough fat stores for overwintering. Black bears will search wild and captive bee hives for honey. They will also scavenge when they encounter the carcasses or remains of large wild animals. Black bears occasionally prey on domestic animals. In addition, they often enter farmland to eat crops, causing considerable crop losses to local residents and causing serious human-bear conflicts. In areas with cold climates (the north or high altitude areas above 2500m), when food resources are scarce in winter, both male and female black bears will look for caves, rock crevices or tree holes to hibernate. They can enter the cave as early as late October in autumn and recover as late as early May in spring. But adult males can remain active throughout the winter.
Black bears are solitary animals and their estrus period is from June to July. Female animals give birth in hibernation caves from November to March of the following year. Females give birth for the first time when they are 4-5 years old, and then give birth to 1-3 babies every 2 years. Groups of mothers and cubs consisting of 2-4 individuals can often be seen in the wild. Mother bears with cubs are extremely aggressive. Adult black bears that are frightened or injured will launch violent attacks on humans, causing serious casualties. Within its distribution area, black bears are one of the main targets of human poaching in order to obtain bear meat and bear paws for the illegal game trade, body parts (such as bear bile and bear oil) for use in traditional Chinese medicine, and live cubs for for illegal domestication and trade. In areas with frequent human-bear conflicts, retaliatory hunting and poisoning are also very common.