Name:Centrocercus minimus
Alias:Centrocercus minimus,Gunnison Grouse
Outline:Landfowl
Family:Cocciformes G.family S.Genus
length:32-51cm
Weight:990-1327g
Life:No textual research information is available
IUCN:LC
The Lesser sage Grouse (Centrocercus minimus) is Gunnison Grouse, no subspecies.
The little sage grouse does not fly much except up and down trees. Because of his clumsiness, he fluttered violently when he first took off. When flying, the rise speed is slow, and after reaching a certain height, the wings are spread to glide from high to low, but never fly over the forest canopy. When gliding, it can change direction flexibly to adapt to changes in mountain slope and facilitate crossing in forest clearings. When landing due to the balance of the body again wings, usually land in a tree, and then, observe the surrounding movement, make sure that there is no danger before flying to the ground. They forage on the ground, feeding on trepang, insects, and other plants, but they are unable to digest the harder seeds as other grouse do.
The lesser sage grouse is bred in a "polygamy" in which multiple males compete in an arena known as lek. From mid-March to the end of May, many males begin to migrate to their breeding grounds, returning to the same site each season and back. Male birds are very territorial and can defend and repel intruders. Only one or two males (10-15%) will ever get the chance to mate with a female. Adult birds and yearling females are often given the opportunity to breed, while only adult birds are selected, and few yearling males are able to mate. Famous for its complex courtship rituals. Each spring, male birds gather at the lekking ground, two balloon-like bags with red necks, upright tail feathers and bulging chests, strutting to show off to females. The female observes and then chooses the most attractive male to mate with. Only a few males have the chance to mate. Male birds perform this ritual in the early morning and dusk of spring, lasting several hours at a time. The ceremony usually takes place in a nearby clearing with thick grass, and the same spot can sometimes be used for decades.
Male courtship of the lesser sage grouse is shown to be slower than that of their relative sage grouse. There are also structural differences in mating calls between the two species. Females in the Gunnison Basin and northern Colorado can distinguish between male courtship vocalizations. Due to regional differences, females tend to prefer mating vocalizations in nearby areas. Build a nest under brush or in a haystack. The spawning period is in July-August, 10 days to select a partner, the female builds a shallow nest in the ground, simply pruned, usually under sagebrush, with a little grass bedding, once the nest is established, the female begins to lay eggs, the incubation period is generally 25-27 days.
The Lesser sage grouse population has declined by more than 60 percent since the 1950s. It is estimated that as of 2016, populations and species in southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado still number 4,000-5,000 individuals.
Listed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 2016 Red List of Threatened Species ver 3.1 - Endangered (EN).
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