Syrmaticus humiae

Mrs. Hume’s Pheasant, also known as Mrs. Hume’s Pheasant, has two subspecies.

Mrs. Hume’s Pheasant is a resident bird. It often wanders in pairs or small groups to forage. Usually they come down from the trees after daybreak and stay active until dusk. They rest in the open space or bushes in the forest at noon and roost in trees at night. One pheasant roosts in a tree, and their activities and habitats are generally relatively fixed. They are very quiet when active, and sometimes make no sound except for stepping on fallen leaves or scratching leaves when foraging. They are alert, and one male pheasant is very alert when they are active and foraging. They stand and look from time to time, and immediately run into the grass or bushes to escape when they find something. In an emergency, they will take off directly to the tree, or fly up or down the slope. They usually fly low and slowly, and can change direction in the air.

The black-necked long-tailed pheasant is an omnivorous animal. It mainly feeds on plant foods such as acorns, berries, seeds, roots, young leaves, and young shoots. It also eats animal foods such as insects, and occasionally goes to the cultivated land at the edge of the forest to peck at crops. It eats as many as 42 kinds of food throughout the year. Among them, the more common ones are: white oak, full-bark oak, acuta, Yunnan pine, fir, arbutus, bayberry, saltwort, barnyard grass, kidney fern, pole pole, dog hat ear, mouse thorn rice tree, Fujian cherry, chicken bone grass, spiders, ants, termites, beetles, loopers, cicadas, worms, snails, pupae, insect eggs, grass seeds, corn and sand. Foraging activities are mainly on the ground under the forest, occasionally jumping and pecking at fruits on higher shrubs, sometimes flying to trees to peck, and only occasionally foraging in cultivated land at the edge of the forest.

The breeding season of the black-necked long-tailed pheasant is from March to July every year. One male and multiple females are in the system, and competition for mates occurs in the group in late February and early March. Usually nesting in mixed forests with more developed understory plants, the nests are mostly placed on the ground at the foot of large trees or on the ground next to small shrubs and small trees, which are very hidden. The nest is relatively simple, mainly in a concave place on the ground, and then covered with dead grass, dead leaves and feathers. The size of the nest is 24.0-31.0 cm × 22.0-30.0 cm in outer diameter, 16.5-18.0 cm × 18.5-21.0 cm in inner diameter, and 5.1-8.3 cm in depth.

Black-necked long-tailed pheasants usually start laying eggs in mid-to-early April, and a few individuals start laying eggs in mid-to-late March. Each nest lays 5-9 eggs, mostly 7-9 eggs. The eggs are oval, light flesh color or slightly stained with light dead leaves, smooth and spotless. The size of the eggs is 34.5 (32.9-36.0) mm × 45.9 (42.8-47.8) mm, and weighs 27.2 (22.0-32.5) grams, according to the measurement of 33 eggs. The eggs are incubated by the female bird after they are laid, and the incubation period is 28 days or 21-24 days.

A field survey in 2000 confirmed that the number of black-necked long-tailed pheasants in nature is less than 500, and they are distributed in isolated islands in Longlin, Tianlin, Xilin, Lingyun and Leye counties in Guangxi, and it is difficult to find their traces in Yunnan. Professor Li Hanhua of the Department of Biology at Guangxi Normal University decided to "reintroduce" the artificially raised black-necked long-tailed pheasants to their place of origin. From 2003 to 2005, more than 300 black-necked long-tailed pheasants entered the Tianlincen Wanglaoshan Nature Reserve. According to estimates by the staff of the reserve, before the snowstorm in 2008, there were nearly 1,000 black-necked long-tailed pheasants in the wild.

Listed in the "Red List of Endangered Species of the World Conservation Union" (IUCN) 2016 ver 3.1-Near Threatened (NT).

Listed as a rare species in the "China Red Book of Endangered Animals·Birds".

Listed in the "National Key Protected Wildlife List I" as a national first-class key protected animal.

It has been listed as a rare species by the World Conservation Union in 1994.

It has been listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora in 1995.

Protect wild animals and eliminate game.

Maintaining ecological balance is everyone's responsibility!

In China, it is distributed in the southwestern forest areas of Xishuangbanna, Weixi, Yongping, Tengchong, Luxi, Yongde, Chuxiong, Jingdong, Zhenyuan, Dehong, Baoshan, Dali, Diqing, Simao, Wuding in Yunnan, Xilin, Longlin, Tianlin, Lingyun, Leye, Tian'e, Baise in Guangxi.
Abroad, it is distributed in northern Thailand, northern Myanmar and Assam, India.
It mainly inhabits broad-leaved forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, sparse forests, shrubs, grasslands and forest margins at an altitude of 500-3000 meters. It especially likes to move in mixed sparse forests and forest margins on hillsides with an altitude of 1000-2000 meters, where ferns, wormwood and shrubs are well developed and rocky.

The forehead, head and pillow of the male bird are gray olive brown with a touch of green, and the face is naked and bright red. The neck, chin, and throat are gray-black, and the upper part of the back and upper chest are dark copper blue; most of the back and lower chest are purplish maroon, with slightly triangular blue-black proximal spots, and the shoulders are white, forming a large " V” shaped spots. The lower back, waist and shorter tail coverts are white with blue-black spots. The longer tail upper coverts and tail feathers are gray, with multiple black and chestnut horizontal stripes, and the outermost tail feathers only have black horizontal stripes. The two wing coverts are dark maroon with metallic luster, and the middle part of the feathers is decorated with copper-blue spots; the large covert feathers have broad white end spots, forming obvious white spots on the wings. The primary flight feathers are dark brown and the outer feathers are dark brown. The secondary f