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Plants

Bryophytes: including mosses, bryophytes and liverworts, are the earliest plant groups to evolve to land. They do not have true root, stem and leaf structures, and the gametophyte is dominant in their life cycle.


Pteridophytes: including ferns, lycophytes and striga, have vascular tissues that can transport water and nutrients more effectively on land, and the sporophyte is dominant in their life cycle.


Gymnosperms: including conifers, ginkgos and cycads, have seeds but are not enclosed in fruits, and usually spread pollen through wind.


Angiosperms: flowering plants, the most diverse plant group today, have angiosperms and fruits, spread pollen and seeds through animal media, are highly adaptable, and are widely distributed in various environments around the world.




Prometheum sempervivoides: The Everlasting Beauty of the Alpine Stonecrop

Prometheum sempervivoides: The Everlasting Beauty of the Alpine Stonecrop

High among the rugged cliffs and rocky slopes of Eurasian mountains, where the a···

Passiflora parritae: The Rare and Enigmatic Passionflower

Passiflora parritae: The Rare and Enigmatic Passionflower

Passiflora parritae is a rare and exquisite species of passionflower native to C···

Gentianella hirculus: A Comprehensive Guide to the Rare Alpine Gentian

Gentianella hirculus: A Comprehensive Guide to the Rare Alpine Gentian

Gentianella hirculus is a rare and intriguing species within the Gentianaceae fa···

Conical Pagoda (Mimetes capitulatus): A Rare Jewel of the Fynbos

Conical Pagoda (Mimetes capitulatus): A Rare Jewel of the Fynbos

Introduction to Conical Pagoda (Mimetes capitulatus)The Conical Pagoda (Mimetes ···

Kamchatka Rhododendron (Rhododendron camtschaticum): Fascinating Facts About This Arctic Beauty

Kamchatka Rhododendron (Rhododendron camtschaticum): Fascinating Facts About This Arctic Beauty

The Kamchatka Rhododendron (Rhododendron camtschaticum) is a unique and resilien···

Dorstenia gigas: Fascinating Facts About Socotra’s Unique Succulent

Dorstenia gigas: Fascinating Facts About Socotra’s Unique Succulent

Dorstenia gigas is a rare and intriguing succulent species endemic to the island···

Climacoptera lanata: A Resilient Halophyte Thriving in Extreme Environments

Climacoptera lanata: A Resilient Halophyte Thriving in Extreme Environments

Climacoptera lanata is a remarkable halophytic plant belonging to the Amaranthac···

Ephedra sinica: A Comprehensive Guide to Its Uses, Benefits, and Risks

Ephedra sinica: A Comprehensive Guide to Its Uses, Benefits, and Risks

Ephedra sinica, commonly known as Ma Huang, is a medicinal herb widely used in T···

Pellaea calomelanos: A Unique Cliff Fern with Global Distribution

Pellaea calomelanos: A Unique Cliff Fern with Global Distribution

Pellaea calomelanos, commonly known as the triangular cliff brake fern, is a spe···

Synsepalum dulcificum: The Miracle Fruit That Alters Taste Perception

Synsepalum dulcificum: The Miracle Fruit That Alters Taste Perception

Synsepalum dulcificum, commonly known as the miracle fruit, is a small red berry···

Smilax ornata (Jamaican Sarsaparilla): A Comprehensive Guide to Its Benefits, Uses, and History

Smilax ornata (Jamaican Sarsaparilla): A Comprehensive Guide to Its Benefits, Uses, and History

IntroductionSmilax ornata, commonly known as Jamaican sarsaparilla, Honduran sar···

Smilax herbacea: A Comprehensive Guide to the Herbaceous Greenbrier

Smilax herbacea: A Comprehensive Guide to the Herbaceous Greenbrier

Smilax herbacea, commonly known as the herbaceous greenbrier or climbing bramble···

Hymenophyllum nephrophyllum: The Kidney Fern of New Zealand

Hymenophyllum nephrophyllum: The Kidney Fern of New Zealand

Hymenophyllum nephrophyllum, commonly known as the kidney fern, is a fascinating···

Parasitaxus usta: The Unique Parasitic Conifer of New Caledonia

Parasitaxus usta: The Unique Parasitic Conifer of New Caledonia

Parasitaxus usta, also known in French as cèdre rabougri, is a rare and fascina···

The Four Species of Lynx: A Comprehensive Guide to These Fierce Predators

The Four Species of Lynx: A Comprehensive Guide to These Fierce Predators

The Lynx genus is home to some of the most elusive and formidable predators in t···

Hottonia palustris: The Water Violet – A Comprehensive Guide

Hottonia palustris: The Water Violet – A Comprehensive Guide

Hottonia palustris, commonly known as the water violet or featherfoil, is a capt···

Cephalanthus occidentalis: A Comprehensive Guide to the Water Button Plant

Cephalanthus occidentalis: A Comprehensive Guide to the Water Button Plant

Cephalanthus occidentalis, commonly known as the water button plant, is a remark···

Asclepias asperula: A Comprehensive Guide to Antelope Horns Milkweed (Spider Milkweed)

Asclepias asperula: A Comprehensive Guide to Antelope Horns Milkweed (Spider Milkweed)

Asclepias asperula, commonly known as antelope horns milkweed or spider milkweed···

Oriental White Oak (Quercus aliena): A Comprehensive Guide

Oriental White Oak (Quercus aliena): A Comprehensive Guide

The Oriental white oak (Quercus aliena) is a species of oak tree native to East ···

Cydonia oblonga: The Healing Fruit with Unique Benefits

Cydonia oblonga: The Healing Fruit with Unique Benefits

Cydonia oblonga, commonly known as quince, is a fruit that, despite its resembla···