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Bryophytes: including mosses, bryophytes and liverworts, are the earliest plant groups to evolve to land. They do not have true root, stem and leaf structures, and the gametophyte is dominant in their life cycle.


Pteridophytes: including ferns, lycophytes and striga, have vascular tissues that can transport water and nutrients more effectively on land, and the sporophyte is dominant in their life cycle.


Gymnosperms: including conifers, ginkgos and cycads, have seeds but are not enclosed in fruits, and usually spread pollen through wind.


Angiosperms: flowering plants, the most diverse plant group today, have angiosperms and fruits, spread pollen and seeds through animal media, are highly adaptable, and are widely distributed in various environments around the world.




The Four Species of Lynx: A Comprehensive Guide to These Fierce Predators

The Four Species of Lynx: A Comprehensive Guide to These Fierce Predators

The Lynx genus is home to some of the most elusive and formidable predators in t···

Hottonia palustris: The Water Violet – A Comprehensive Guide

Hottonia palustris: The Water Violet – A Comprehensive Guide

Hottonia palustris, commonly known as the water violet or featherfoil, is a capt···

Cephalanthus occidentalis: A Comprehensive Guide to the Water Button Plant

Cephalanthus occidentalis: A Comprehensive Guide to the Water Button Plant

Cephalanthus occidentalis, commonly known as the water button plant, is a remark···

Asclepias asperula: A Comprehensive Guide to Antelope Horns Milkweed (Spider Milkweed)

Asclepias asperula: A Comprehensive Guide to Antelope Horns Milkweed (Spider Milkweed)

Asclepias asperula, commonly known as antelope horns milkweed or spider milkweed···

Oriental White Oak (Quercus aliena): A Comprehensive Guide

Oriental White Oak (Quercus aliena): A Comprehensive Guide

The Oriental white oak (Quercus aliena) is a species of oak tree native to East ···

Cydonia oblonga: The Healing Fruit with Unique Benefits

Cydonia oblonga: The Healing Fruit with Unique Benefits

Cydonia oblonga, commonly known as quince, is a fruit that, despite its resembla···

Polygonatum Odoratum (Yu Zhu): Health Benefits, Cultivation, and Medicinal Uses

Polygonatum Odoratum (Yu Zhu): Health Benefits, Cultivation, and Medicinal Uses

Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Yu Zhu, Solomon’s Seal, or Sweet Solomo···

The Comprehensive Guide to Cornus officinalis: A Natural Remedy for Health and Wellness

The Comprehensive Guide to Cornus officinalis: A Natural Remedy for Health and Wellness

Introduction to Cornus officinalisCornus officinalis, commonly known as Japanese···

Tropaeolum tricolor: The Vibrant Tri-Color Beauty of South America

Tropaeolum tricolor: The Vibrant Tri-Color Beauty of South America

Tropaeolum tricolor, commonly known as the Tri-color Nasturtium, is a stunning f···

Chorizema cordatum: The Heart-shaped Beauty of Australia

Chorizema cordatum: The Heart-shaped Beauty of Australia

Chorizema cordatum, commonly known as the Heart-leaved Flame Pea, is a striking ···

Masdevallia ignea: The Fiery Orchid of the Tropics

Masdevallia ignea: The Fiery Orchid of the Tropics

Masdevallia ignea, commonly known as the Fiery Masdevallia or the Flame Orchid, ···

Top 10 famous wildlife nature reserves in the world

Top 10 famous wildlife nature reserves in the world

Famous Wildlife Reserves Around the WorldThe world boasts a number of well-known···

Verticordia huegelii: The Enchanting Spotted Featherflower

Verticordia huegelii: The Enchanting Spotted Featherflower

Verticordia huegelii, commonly known as the Spotted Featherflower, is a captivat···

Verticordia roei: Roe's Featherflower – A Unique Shrub of Western Australia

Verticordia roei: Roe's Featherflower – A Unique Shrub of Western Australia

Verticordia roei, commonly known as Roe's Featherflower, is a remarkable spe···

Stylidium breviscapum: The Butterfly-Like Wonder of Nature

Stylidium breviscapum: The Butterfly-Like Wonder of Nature

Stylidium breviscapum, commonly known as the butterfly-like plant, is a unique a···

Top 10 most beautiful bird sanctuaries in China

Top 10 most beautiful bird sanctuaries in China

Birds are the most abundant and diverse group of terrestrial vertebrates on Eart···

Thysanocarpus radians: A Unique Wildflower with Radiant Seed Pods

Thysanocarpus radians: A Unique Wildflower with Radiant Seed Pods

IntroductionThysanocarpus radians, commonly known as ribbed fringepod or showy f···

The Fascinating World of Monodora Myristica: The African Nutmeg

The Fascinating World of Monodora Myristica: The African Nutmeg

Monodora myristica, commonly known as African Nutmeg, Calabash Nutmeg, or Jamaic···

Myrmecophila christinae: A Comprehensive Guide to the Rare Orchid

Myrmecophila christinae: A Comprehensive Guide to the Rare Orchid

Myrmecophila christinae is a unique and fascinating species of orchid renowned f···

Silene uralensis: The Arctic Survivor Plant

Silene uralensis: The Arctic Survivor Plant

Silene uralensis, also known as the Ural Catchfly, is a fascinating plant specie···