Ketupa zeylonensis

The Brown Fishing Owl's forehead, head to back neck and upper back are light brown with thick black feather stripes; the lower back to the upper tail coverts are light brown with thin dark brown feather stripes; the tail feathers are dark brown with thick black feather stripes. 6 light yellow horizontal spots and brown spots on the skin; the shoulders are light yellowish brown, with thicker dark brown feather shaft stripes; several outer shoulder feathers have white outer feathers with dark brown feather shaft stripes; the inner feathers are sandy yellow; the upper wings are covered with The feathers are mostly dark brown with yellow skin edges; the middle coverts have white tips, and the outer coverts of the large coverts have wider yellow skin edges; the primary coverts have light yellowish brown spots. The flight feathers are dark brown, with light yellow horizontal spots on the tips and outer feathers of the primary flight feathers, and dark yellowish brown spots on the inner

Brown Fish Owls are found in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Hainan Island in China. Outside China, they are found in Asia Minor, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and the Malay Peninsula.
Brown Fish Owls live in forests near water sources, especially in open forest river areas. They also appear in forests or jungles near coasts, lakes and fish ponds.

Brown Fish-Owl is a large owl with 4 subspecies.

Brown Fish-Owl often moves alone, and sometimes lives in pairs in dense branches and leaves in the forest, but usually keeps a certain distance. It is a semi-diurnal bird, often coming out in the afternoon. Most of them stand on tree stumps, dead branches or other high places near the water. They often fly over the water, keeping a close eye on the water surface. Once they find fish, they quickly fly over the water surface and hunt directly from the water surface. It seems a bit strenuous when flying, with two wings flapping vigorously, flying fast and powerful, but without sound. The call is like "boom-0-boom" or "gloom-oh-gloom". It mainly feeds on fish, frogs, aquatic insects, etc., and sometimes eats small mammals, birds, snakes, lizards and insects. In order to hunt, it can also walk in shallow water like wading birds.

The breeding season of the brown fish owl is from June to August, and some are from December to March of the following year. At this time, it is contrary to its usual behavior and often calls non-stop. Nesting in cliffs, shore caves or tree holes, also using old nests of eagles and other birds, or laying eggs between branches of large trees. Each nest usually contains 2 eggs, occasionally as few as 1 and as many as 3. The average egg size is 58.7 mm × 47.3 mm.

The brown fish owl has a wide distribution range and is not close to the vulnerable and endangered critical value standard for species survival (distribution area or fluctuation range less than 20,000 km², habitat quality, population size, and fragmented distribution area), so it is evaluated as a species of least concern.

Listed in the 2012 Red List of Endangered Species of the World Conservation Union (IUCN) ver 3.1-Least Concern (LC).

Listed as a Class II protected animal in the "National Key Protected Wildlife List" issued by the Ministry of Forestry and the Ministry of Agriculture of China on January 14, 1989.

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