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It is found in the highlands of south-central Mexico to western Panama, and in the Andes Mountains of northern Venezuela to Bolivia. They make seasonal migrations to the United States and Canada.
The male hummingbird has a grass-green back, brown rump and upper tail feathers, and is about 11-11.5 cm long. The tail is square, slightly notched, and has a broad band of dark blue. It has a large purple dot on its upper breast and a purple-blue band along its jaw that connects to its purple-blue "ears." Females are similar to males, but are on average smaller and darker, with a narrower purple band on the jaw. Young birds are darker than adults, and the pups are usually olive-green in color, with dark gray underneath. The purple spot on the breast of the nestlings is not obvious, incomplete, or does not develop. The moulting chicks all have a distinct metallic coloration, especially in the throat or breast