Pelargopsis amauropterus

At 35 cm long, the brown-winged emerald is one of the larger kingfishers. The head, neck, upper and lower bodies (including the wing base) are orange. But the feathers in the middle of the forehead are slightly dark, and the eyes are dark orange first. The back and shoulders, wings, tail and upper body are dark brown. The back and tail are beautiful bright blue. The mighty beak is dark red. The iris is dark brown. Big red legs, black claws.
The mouth is thick and long like a chisel, the base is wider, the mouth peak is straight, the peak ridge is round, there is no nasal groove on both sides; Wing circle, the first primary feather is equal or slightly shorter than the seventh primary feather, and the second, third, and fourth are nearly equal in length; Primary feather base with white spots; The tail is round.

It is distributed in the Indian subcontinent and southwest China (including India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sikkim, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and southeast Tibet, China). Indochina Peninsula and southeast coastal areas of China (including Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand and southeast coastal areas of China, Hong Kong and Hainan Island), Pacific Islands (including Taiwan, Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, Spratly Islands and the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia's Sumatra, Java Island and Papua New Guinea)

Pelargopsis amauropterus, Brown-winged Kingfisher, has no subspecies.

Brownwing jadeites live almost exclusively along the coastal line, where they are found in mangroves, mudflats, estuaries and saltwater bays. Sometimes it penetrates several kilometers inland along rivers. They catch crabs in the low mud. You can also dive into the water to catch a bass, shake your head back and forth in your mouth. Hunt alone or in pairs. Most of the time their movements are calm, like they are immersed in their own surface surfing, and their movements slow down and seem to lack energy. In fact, at low water level, its flight is powerful, and the rhythm of the wings is stable. As they began to rise and pass through the mangroves their wings beat faster, doubling their speed. They usually live near the river banks and hunt alone or in pairs. It's totally carnivorous. The main food is crabs and fish.

In India, the breeding season for brownwing jadeite occurs in March and April. The nest is built on an earth cliff or in the bank of a river, in a tunnelled hole dug with the mouth. The nest is 20 to 60 cm deep in length, and the entrance is about 10 cm high and 20 cm wide. The female lays three or four eggs. Incubation time is unknown.

Listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) ver 3.1:2008 Red List of Birds - Near Threatened (NT).

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