Name:Stenella attenuata
Outline:Cetacea
Family:Odontoceti Delphinidae Prodolphinidae
length:166-257cm
Weight:100-120kg
Life:About 40 years
IUCN:LC
Pantropical spotted dolphin, with two subspecies, may be the most common cetacean.
Pantropical spotted dolphin is a social animal, swimming in groups of a few to thousands, with more members in offshore groups than in coastal groups. In Japanese waters, 2-year-old dolphins will join other dolphins until they grow up and return to their original group. Female dolphins leave the group during estrus. Perhaps because of overlapping feeding areas, they often swim with schools of yellowfin tuna in the eastern Pacific, and of course it may also be a protective measure against natural enemies.
Spotted dolphins swim fast, reaching 22-28 km/h, and the fastest speed can reach 40 km/h. (Recorded during US Navy experiments). They are accustomed to jumping out of the water in a juggling manner, and when there are passing ships, they will ride the waves of the ships to perform a series of aerial acrobatics, except in tuna fishing grounds, where they have learned to avoid fishing boats.
Spotted dolphins find food by echolocation. At night, they prey on small fish, squid and crustaceans on the sea surface, and also eat isopods and pteropods. In many areas, spotted dolphins mainly feed on flying fish. Their natural enemies are killer whales and various sharks.
The average age of sexual maturity for female dolphins along the northern coast is 11.1 years, which is longer than the 9.8 years of female dolphins in the southern offshore. Males reach sexual maturity at an average age of 14.7 years. Although the reproduction rate increases in spring and autumn, there is no fixed breeding season. In the eastern Pacific, the interval between births is 26-36 months, and in the Japanese waters it is 48 months. The gestation period lasts less than a year, and the lactation period is more than 1.5 years, which is more than three times that of other whales. One calf is born per litter, and multiple calfs are extremely rare.
An estimated 228,038 spotted dolphins live in the eastern Pacific coastal waters (CV=34%), with 737,000 in the northeastern waters (2003), a 76% decrease from 1959, and despite a sharp decline in mortality in recent years, the population has shown no clear signs of recovery. The 2000 estimate for the same area was 876,075 (CV=31%). There were 8,978 in Hawaiian waters (CV=48%, 2006). About 438,000 live in the waters off Japan (1993). The total number is estimated at 34,067 (CV=18%) in the northern Gulf of Mexico and 14,930 (CV=41%) on the east coast of the United States. The population is estimated at 14,930 (CV=41%) in the eastern Sulu Sea and 640 (CV=27%) in the Tañon Strait between Negros and Cebu. Population trends are unknown. However, since the 1960s, the population in the tropical waters of the eastern Pacific has dropped by 65% due to the impact of fishing nets.
Listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
Listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concern (LC), assessed in 2012.
Listed in the second level of the "List of National Key Protected Wildlife in China".
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