The difference between binary hybridization and ternary hybridization

Two-way hybrid and three-way hybrid are commonly used terms in the field of plant breeding. They refer to the cross-breeding methods of two male parents and three male parents respectively. Here are their main differences:

binary cross (two-parent cross)

Number of male parents: Binary cross refers to the use of two clearly defined families or varieties as parents in the breeding process.

Hybrid vigor: The purpose of a binary cross is to combine the advantages of two different parents, such as combining different resistance, growth characteristics or other genetic characteristics.

Applicability: Binary hybridization is widely used in the improvement and breeding of many crops, especially cereals, beans, vegetables, etc.

Hybrid performance: This cross usually results in what is called hybrid vigor (hybrid vigor), where the hybrid performs better than the average of its parents.

Three-way cross (three-parent cross)

Number of male parents: A three-way cross consists of three parents, usually consisting of two different inbred lines and one foreign parent.

Hybrid vigor: The purpose of a three-way cross is to obtain a broader and more powerful advantage by combining the advantageous characteristics of the three parents.

Applicability: Three-way hybridization is often used to improve complex traits such as hybrid resistance, environmental adaptability and yield.

Hybrid vigor performance: Through three-way hybridization, hybrid vigor can be better utilized to increase yield and improve other important agronomic traits.

When breeding, the choice of cross depends on the complexity of the target trait and the source of the desired genetic variation. Both two-way and three-way crosses are important breeding methods that provide useful genetic diversity for improving new varieties.

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