The southern white soft-shell turtle (Onychosotoma gerlachi) belongs to the order Cypriniformes, the family Cyprinidae, the subfamily Onychosotoma gerlachi, and the genus Onychosotoma gerlachi. Commonly known as: sweet olive fish, red-tailed olive fish, flat-headed olive fish, beachhead dace, flat-mouthed dace, and stone dace.
The body is slender, the sides are flat, the head is short and broad, the snout is conical, the mouth is lower, and it has a transverse cleft. The mandible has a horny edge, the end of the maxilla reaches below the posterior edge of the nostril, the lip is thin, the lower lip and mandible are healed, and the retrolabial groove is limited to the corner of the mouth, without a beard. The dorsal fin has hard spines and its trailing edge is strongly serrated. The body is silvery white, the back is dark gray; the dorsal and pectoral fins are gray, and the ventral and anal fins are orange-red.
The southern white soft-shelled turtle mostly inhabits the clear-water stony-bottomed river sections. It is a fish in the middle and lower layers of rivers. It mainly feeds on algae and also eats a small amount of cladocerans, rotifers and higher plant fragments. The gonads begin to mature at the age of 1 winter, and all mature at the age of 2 weeks. Between April and May, the broodstock fish cluster in the smooth flow of rivers and rocks to lay eggs.
The southern white turtle is distributed in the Pearl River, Yuanjiang River, Lancang River and Hainan Island water systems.
The southern white soft-shell turtle is widely distributed in the south and has high yields. It grows rapidly especially in the alpine mountainous areas of northern Guangxi. The fish can reach 10-15 cm in length and weigh 14-62 grams in the current year; the fish in winter is 15-20 cm long. , weighing 60-118 grams; the second-winter-aged fish is 18-25 cm long and weighs 96-291 grams; the third-winter-aged fish is 25-29 cm long and weighs 275-425 grams. The meat has a high fat content and is delicious and tender.
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